农业部关于贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设的意见》的通知
农业部
农业部关于贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设的意见》的通知
农市发[2012]1号
各省、自治区、直辖市农业(农牧、畜牧兽医、渔业)厅(局、委),新疆生产建设兵团农业局、水产局:
《国务院办公厅关于加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设的意见》(国办发[2011]59号,以下简称《意见》)日前正式印发。《意见》提出了加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设的主要目标,进一步明确了重点任务和相关保障措施,是今后一个时期推动鲜活农产品流通体系建设的政策指导文件。各级农业部门要站在全局高度,充分认识加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设对于发展现代农业、促进农民增收、稳定市场运行、保障改善民生的重要意义,准确把握《意见》的精神实质,加强组织领导,加大工作力度,抓好贯彻落实。现就有关要求通知如下:
一、加快提高产销组织化程度。要大力支持农民专业合作社发展。广泛开展农民专业合作社示范社建设行动,加强合作社经营管理和流通人才培养。积极推进“农超对接”、“农校对接”、“农社对接”等流通方式,特别是要支持合作社在公益性农贸市场和社区菜市场开设直销点,推动实施对合作社在城市社区建立直销店、连锁店适当给予店面租金补贴等政策,拓宽合作社产品营销渠道。支持专业合作社增添田头冷库、冷链物流、快速检验检测、包装分级等设施设备,提高合作社标准化生产和规范化管理水平。要大力推进农业产业化经营。进一步完善和落实扶持农业产业化龙头企业发展的政策措施,支持龙头企业建设农产品生产基地,提高农产品贮运加工能力,推动产销合作,帮助龙头企业开拓国内外市场。发展订单农业,完善龙头企业与农户的利益联结机制,提高订单合同履约率。要大力加强农村经纪人培训。结合“阳光工程”的实施,把农村经纪人培训作为重要内容,着力培育一批经营行为规范、采购营销量大、辐射带动力强的农产品营销大户,在活跃农产品市场流通、促进农产品平衡供给中发挥骨干作用。
二、加快推进优势产区产地批发市场建设。要抓好规划指导。顺应农产品生产布局的变化,结合工业化、城镇化发展趋势,研究制定产地批发市场建设规划,鼓励社会多元主体参与产地批发市场建设。着力提高规划实施的前瞻性和约束性,确保规划能够落到实处,引导产地批发市场实现合理布局,避免无序竞争。要抓好升级改造。进一步严格农业部定点市场管理,加强与中国农业银行等金融机构的合作,积极争取信贷投入,支持定点市场开展市场信息收集发布系统、质量安全检验检测系统、环保卫生处理系统以及交易厅棚改扩建等基础设施升级改造,提高装备水平,拓展业务功能。充分发挥中国农产品市场协会的作用,加强经验交流和行业自律。要抓好示范带动。认真落实“十二五”规划纲要关于“建设一批国家级重点大型批发市场”的要求,紧紧依托优势产区,围绕主导品种,整合现有资源,重点培育建设一批国家级农产品专业批发市场,将其打造成为相关产业的物流集散中心、价格形成中心、信息传播中心、科技研发中心和会展贸易中心,形成与优势产业布局相匹配的现代农产品流通布局,健全现代农业产业体系,提高主产区的市场竞争力。
三、加快完善营销促销服务体系。要大力发展农业会展经济。继续办好中国国际农产品交易会等品牌农业展会,鼓励地方围绕特色产品举办会展活动,坚持企业主体地位,不断创新办展形式,提高办展水平,增强展会吸引力,推动构建国际性、全国性、区域性相结合,综合性和专业性相补充的会展营销促销平台。支持主产区在产区和销区举办各类特色优势产品产销对接活动。要积极推进电子商务。充分发挥农业信息网站在农产品营销方面的独特优势,完善网络促销平台,促进农产品网上对接,将网络促销平台打造成永不落幕的交易会。探索开展农产品电子商务试点,研究解决物流配送半径限制、网上交易缺乏信用、鲜活农产品标准化程度不高等实际问题,推动扩大网上交易规模。要大力推进农业品牌建设。积极稳妥发展无公害农产品、绿色食品、有机农产品和农产品地理标志,严格认证审查,严格证后监管,全面建立退出机制,维护“三品一标”品牌形象和公信力。鼓励发展农产品区域性公用品牌,加大宣传推介力度。推动生产经营主体开展产品商标注册登记,在市场竞争中培育、管理和创建自有品牌。
四、加快健全市场监测预警体系。要强化信息采集监测。完善信息采集平台,拓宽信息采集来源,加大信息采集频度,提高基础数据的准确性和时效性。加强生产实时动态监测,2012年要将蔬菜生产信息监测扩大到580个重点县,在全国选择50个肉牛主产县、100个肉羊主产县动态跟踪存栏、出栏等情况,继续做好200个水产养殖重点县养殖生产和80家水产品批发市场价格信息监测。要强化信息分析预警。结合当地实际,聚焦重点品种,加强与高等院校、科研院所、行业协会等机构的合作,构建大协作、大联合的工作格局,培养一支高水平的专家队伍,完善农产品预警分析体系,加强对苗头性、趋势性、规律性问题的研究,定期对农产品产销情况进行会商分析、研判预警。要强化信息发布引导。加大“金农工程”实施力度,建设12316信息平台,启动实施农民专业合作社信息化建设工程试点,加强与电视、广播等媒体合作,多形式、多渠道、多层次开展信息发布,不断增强基层面向农户的信息服务能力,着力解决当前鲜活农产品信息服务中存在的生产者“看不到、听不懂、用不上”问题,指导农民合理安排生产,保障市场供应,缓解买难卖难。
五、严格农产品质量安全监管。要深化专项整治。巩固已有专项整治成果,继续保持高压严打态势,联合相关部门加大对突出问题的整治力度,努力确保不发生重大农产品质量安全事件。要加强检验检测。进一步完善国家和省级例行监测制度,加强地县两级执法监督抽查工作,强化检打联动和综合执法。尽快启动实施农产品质检体系建设二期规划,加快投资建设地级,补充完善县级,不断提升检验检测能力。要加强农业标准化。依法加快农兽药残留标准清理步伐,抓紧转化一批国际食品法典标准,制定一批执法急需的安全标准和质量要求。不断扩大“三园两场”建设比例和规模,支持农业标准化整体推进示范创建,加大农业标准化宣传培训力度。要加强能力建设。开展农产品质量安全监管示范县创建,加快积极推进农产品质量安全追溯和产地准出管理,加快制定全国统一的《食用农产品质量安全合格证明管理办法》和《农产品质量安全追溯管理规范》。加快乡镇农产品质量安全监管机构建设,力争到2012年年底实现全国所有乡镇基本实现“有机构、有人员、有设备、有经费”。
加强鲜活农产品流通体系建设是一项长期的战略任务,也是一项复杂的系统工程,涉及面广。各级农业部门要积极争取支持,搞好沟通协调,创新发展模式,加强监督检查,在抓好以上重点工作的同时,和发展改革、商务等有关部门一道全面推动落实《意见》提出的各项任务,加快建设高效、畅通、安全、有序的鲜活农产品流通体系,保障鲜活农产品市场平稳运行,切实维护生产者和消费者利益。对工作中的新进展、新经验、好做法,以及存在的问题和意见建议,请及时反馈我部市场与经济信息司。
二0一二年一月十六日
关于中外合资、合作经营企业产品以产顶进办法(附英文)
国家计委
关于中外合资、合作经营企业产品以产顶进办法(附英文)
1987年10月19日,国家计委
关于中外合资合作经营企业产品以产顶进办法(国务院批准,国家计划委员会1987年10月19日发布)
第一条 根据《国务院关于鼓励外商投资的规定》,为鼓励外商投资兴办先进技术企业,帮助企业解决外汇收支平衡,特制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于能够提供国内需要的先进技术,从事新产品开发,实现产品 升级换代的生产型中外合资经营、合作经营企业(以下简称合资、合作企业)。
第三条 符合下列各项条件的,可申请以产顶进:
一、确属国内需要的技术先进型的合资、合作企业的产品,投产初期,在实现国产化进程中,外汇平衡出现暂时困难的;
二、上述企业生产的产品属于目前和今后几年中央、地方和部门需要进口的;
三、申请以产顶进的产品规格、性能、交货期和技术服务、培训应符合国内用户的需要,产品必须经过国家级产品质量检测中心鉴定,确认达到同类进口商品的质量标准,原则上价格不高于当时的国际市场价格。
第四条 凡要求以产顶进的企业,在申报项目建议书的同时,提出以产顶进的申请。在报送项目可行性研究报告时,必须明确合资、合作企业产品的内外销比例,以及国产化的进度,并对以产顶进的可行性(包括分年顶替进口的产品数量和外汇金额)进行充分论证或评估。
第五条 按分级管理原则,合资、合作企业产品申请以产顶进,分别由中央、地方(部门)两级审批。中央审批的限额以上项目需要以产顶进的,由国家计委审批;地方和部门审批的限额以下项目需要以产顶进的,由地方计委和部门自行审批。
第六条 由国家计委审批的限额以上项目的以产顶进:
一、凡已列入国家批准的中长期中央进口计划的商品,除去对外已签长期贸易协议和必须安排进口的以外,还有可能供以产顶进的,在审批可行性研究报告时,可预批中央进口计划期内的以产顶进。
二、没有列入中长期中央进口计划的商品,原则上不预批以产顶进。但在年度中央进口计划中有这类商品进口且能以产顶进时,企业可向国家计委提出申请,批准后,由经贸部办理只在当年有效的以产顶进手续。
三、没有列入中长期和年度中央进口计划的商品,如当年地方有进口,企业可向地方计委提出申请,经批准后,由地方经贸部门办理以产顶进手续。
第七条 由地方、部门审批的限额以下项目的以产顶进:
一、凡已列入本省、自治区、直辖市的中长期和年度进口计划内可供以产顶进的商品,可由省、自治区、直辖市计委参照中央的审批办法,预批和办理本地区进口计划期内的以产顶进。
二、没有列入本地区中长期或年度计划,但本地区或其他地区有进口的,可实行跨地区的以产顶进。企业可径向进口这一商品的省、自治区、直辖市计委申报,经批准后,由该省、自治区、直辖市经贸部门办理以产顶进手续。
三、部门用自有外汇进口的商品,企业可直接向该部门申请,经同意后,办理以产顶进手续。
第八条 上述经中央和地方计委(或部门)审批同意以产顶进的产品,属于在中长期进口计划内预批的,必须根据当年的进口计划情况,在年度中进一步核定落实。
凡经批准实行以产顶进的产品,国内用户在同等条件下,必须优先选用。
各级进口管理部门和进口审查部门,对合资、合作企业已能生产并符合以产顶进条件的产品,应指导和鼓励国内用户优先采购。
第九条 经批准的以产顶进产品,国内用户采购时,应按双方商定的条件,经国家外汇管理部门批准,向合资、合作企业支付全部或部分外汇。
第十条 机电产品的以产顶进,由国家经委制定并公布以产顶进目录和以产顶进管理办法,指导国内用户优先采购目录内的产品。
凡生产目录内产品的合资、合作企业可以参加中国机电设备招标中心(或经国家经委批准的招标公司)组织的进口机电设备招标,中标的企业,由该中心出具证明,实现以产顶进。
第十一条 合资、合作企业生产以产顶进产品所需进口的料、件,按《对外经济贸易部关于外商投资企业申领出口许可证的实施办法》第四条规定办理进口手续;上述产品供应给国内用户时,按海关总署《中华人民共和国海关对外商投资企业履行产品出口合同所需进口料、件管理办法》第五条规定办理。
第十二条 经批准其产品实行以产顶进的合资、合作企业,必须做到:
一、严格执行合同中规定的出口比例和国产化进程的要求;
二、必须努力使产品的技术性能和质量保持先进水平;
三、按合同规定的数量、时间交货,因交货时间、交货数量和产品质量等问题造成用户经济损失者,要承担相应的经济责任;
四、为用户提供优质服务。
第十三条 合资、合作企业的产品一俟批准以产顶进后,不能再重复将这部分产品纳入国产物资分配计划。
第十四条 本办法由国家计委负责解释。
第十五条 本办法自公布之日起实行。
附件 “七五”计划期间中央进口计划内可以实行以产顶进的商品目录
1、钢材 5、铝 9、木浆
2、生铁 6、锌 10、腈纶
3、木材 7、橡胶 11、锦纶
4、铜 8、化肥 12、人造丝
MEASURES CONCERNING THE SUBSTITUTION OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BYCHINESE- FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURES AND CHINESE-FOREIGN CONTRACTUALJOINT VENTURES FOR SIMILAR IMPORTED PRODUCTS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
MEASURES CONCERNING THE SUBSTITUTION OF PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY
CHINESE- FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURES AND CHINESE-FOREIGN CONTRACTUAL
JOINT VENTURES FOR SIMILAR IMPORTED PRODUCTS
(Approved by the State Council and promulgated by the State Plan-
ning Commission on October 19, 1987)
Article 1
These Measures are formulated in accordance with the Provisions of the
State Council Concerning the Encouragement of Foreign Investment, to
encourage foreign businessmen to invest in setting up technologically -
advanced enterprises, and to help enterprises in achieving a balance
between their foreign exchange earnings and expenditures.
Article 2
These Measures shall apply to Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures and
Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures of a production nature
(hereinafter referred to as joint ventures and contractual ventures) which
can provide advanced technologies China needs and are engaged in the
development of new products, thereby realizing the upgrading of products
and the replacement of old products with new ones.
Article 3
Enterprises with foreign investment that satisfy the following conditions
may apply to substitute their products for similar imported products:
(1) technologically-advanced joint ventures and contractual ventures whose
products are indeed needed in China, and which have, at the initial stage
of production, experienced some temporary difficulties in balancing their
foreign exchange earnings and expenditures in the course of realizing the
replacement of imported products with home-made ones;
(2) the products manufactured by enterprises mentioned above belong to the
categories of products the central departments, the localities and other
departments need to import at present and in the next few years;
(3) products that are recommended as substitutes for similar imported
products shall meet the needs of domestic users in specifications,
properties, the delivery time, technical services and technical training,
and undergo the appraisal conducted by the national testing center for the
quality of products, thereby confirming that the aforesaid products
measure up to the quality standard of similar imported goods; in
principle, the prices of the recommended products shall not be higher than
those of the international market at the time.
Article 4
Enterprises that recommend their products as substitutes for similar
imported goods shall make an application in that connection at the time
when they submit their project proposals. When they submit their project
feasibility study reports, they must state clearly in the reports the
proportion between domestic sales and export sales of the products
manufactured by the joint ventures and contractual ventures and the rate
of progress for the replacement of imported products with home-made ones;
moreover, they shall prove by an ample demonstration or appraise the
feasibility of substituting their products for similar imported ones
(including a statement concerning the annual quantity of their products to
be used to substitute for imported products and annual amount of foreign
exchange to be earned therefrom).
Article 5
Pursuant to the principle of administration at different levels, the
applications for the approval of using the products manufactured by the
joint ventures and contractual ventures to substitute for similar imported
goods shall be examined and approved respectively by the central competent
authorities and the local competent authorities (or departments). If items
above the norm examined and approved by the central competent authorities
need to be recommended as substitutes for similar imported products, the
matter shall be examined and approved by the State Planning Commission;
and the items below the norm examined and approved by the local competent
authorities (or departments) need to be recommended as substitutes for
similar imported products, the matter shall be examined and approved by
the local planning commissions or departments on their own.
Article 6
Import substitution to be effected in the items above the norm to be
examined and approved by the State Economic Planning Commission:
(1) of the goods which have been included in the Central Government's
medium-and long-term import plans approved by the State, except those on
which long-term import agreements have been concluded with foreign
countries, substitution for imports shall be approved in advance within
the Central Government's import plans if it is still possible that some of
the goods to be imported can be substituted with domestically -
manufactured products when the feasibility study reports are examined and
approved;
(2) substitution for goods which have not been included in the Central
Government's medium-and long-term import plans shall, in principle, not be
approved in advance. However, the enterprises may apply to the State
Planning Commission for using their products as substitutes for similar
imported products if such goods have been included in the Central
Government's annual import plans and are available for substitution with
home-made similar products. Once the applications are approved, the
Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade shall handle the
procedures for substituting home-made product for similar imported
products for the current year;
(3) with respect to those commodities which have not been included in the
Central Government's long-term, medium-term and annual import plans, if
they are to be imported by the local governments in the current year, the
enterprises may make an application to the local planning commission; upon
approval, the local department of foreign economic relations and trade
shall handle the procedures for using their products as substitutes for
similar imported products.
Article 7
Import substitution to be effected in the items below the norm to be
examined and approved by the local competent authorities (or departments):
(1) of the commodities which have already been included in the long-term,
medium-term and annual import plans of the province, autonomous region, or
municipality directly under the Central Government, if there are some
available for being replaced by home-made products, they may, within the
period for executing the locality's import plan, be approved in advance by
the planning commission of the province, autonomous region, or
municipality directly under the Central Government with reference to the
examining and approving procedures adopted by the central competent
authorities, and the aforesaid planning commission shall also handle,
within the aforesaid period, the procedures for using the home-made
products mentioned above as substitutes for similar imported commodities;
(2) with respect to those commodities which have not been included in the
localities' long-term, medium-term and annual import plans, but they are
to be imported by the local area or by some other areas, a transregional
operation may be conducted for using home-made products as substitutes for
similar imported commodities. The enterprises may make an application
directly to the planning commission of the province, autonomous region, or
municipality directly under the Central Government that undertakes the
import of the aforesaid commodities; after they have obtained the
approval, the department of foreign economic relations and trade of the
aforesaid province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the
Central Government shall handle the procedures for using their products as
substitutes for similar imported commodities:
(3) with respect to the commodities to be imported by some departments
with the foreign exchange in their possession, the enterprises may make an
application directly to these departments; after they have obtained the
consent of the departments, they shall go through the procedures for using
their own products as substitutes for similar commodities to be imported.
Article 8
With respect to the aforesaid products which are to be used as substitutes
for similar imported commodities as examined and approved by the planning
commission of the central competent authorities or of the local competent
authorities (or by local departments), if these products belong to the lot
of products which are to be approved in advance within the long-and
medium-term plans, they shall be further verified and confirmed in the
annual plan in accordance with the actual situation of the execution of
the import plan in the current year.
The products which have been approved as substitutes for similar imported
products shall, under equal conditions (with similar imported
commodities), be given priority of being selected for use by domestic
users.
The competent departments for imports administration and the examining and
approving departments for imports at various levels shall guide and
encourage domestic users to give priority to the purchase of the products
which are manufactured by the joint ventures and contractual ventures and
are in conformity with the conditions of products used as substitutes for
similar imported products.
Article 9
When domestic users purchase products which have been approved as
substitutes for similar imported products, the payment for such products
shall be made wholly or partially in foreign exchange to the joint
ventures and contractual ventures in accordance with the terms agreed upon
by both parties and subject to the approval of the State administrative
department of foreign exchange control.
Article 10
With respect to machinery and electrical products used as substitutes for
similar imported products, the State Economic Commission shall formulate
and publish a catalogue of products used as substitutes for similar
imported products and also the procedures for the administration of
substitution of home-made products for similar imported goods, thereby
directing the domestic users to give priority to the purchase of the
products included in the aforesaid catalogue.
The joint ventures and contractual ventures which manufacture the products
included in the aforesaid catalogue may participate in the open tender for
imported machinery and electrical equipment conducted by the China Bidding
Center for Machinery and Electrical Equipment (or by other bidding
agencies authorized by the State Economic Commission); the Center shall
issue a certificate to the enterprise which has won the tender, thereby
realizing the substitution of home-made products for similar imported
goods.
Article 11
The joint ventures and contractual ventures shall, in accordance with the
provisions of Article 4 of the Measures of the Ministry of Foreign
Economic Relations and Trade Concerning the Application by Enterprises
with Foreign Investment for the Export Licence, go through the procedures
for the importation of raw materials and component parts needed in the
manufacture of products used as substitutes for similar imported goods;
when the aforesaid products are supplied to domestic users, the
transaction shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Article
5 of the Measures of the General Customs Administration of the People's
Republic of China Concerning the Importation of Raw Materials and
Component Parts Needed by Enterprises with Foreign Investment to Execute
Their Products Export Contracts.
Article 12
The joint ventures and contractual ventures which have obtained the
approval to use their products as substitutes for similar imported goods
must fulfil the following requirements:
(1) strictly fulfil the requirements for the export proportion stipulated
in the contract and the rate of progress for the replacement of imported
products with home-made ones;
(2) strive to maintain the advanced level of the technical performance and
quality of their products;
(3) deliver their products in accordance with the quantity and schedule
stipulated in the contract; in the event that the users suffer economic
losses caused by problems relating to the time of delivery, the quantity
of products delivered, and the quality of products, they shall bear the
corresponding economic liabilities;
(4) provide high-quality service to the users.
Article 13
Once the products manufactured by the joint ventures and contractual
ventures have been approved as substitutes for similar imported goods,
they shall not be included again in the State plan for the distribution of
goods and materials produced domestically.
Article 14
The right to interpret these Measures shall reside in the State Planning
Commission.
Article 15
These Measures shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
Appendix: Catalogue of commodities which can be replaced by home-made
products as included in the central government's import plan to be
executed during the "Seventh Five-Year Plan":
(1) steel products (2) pig iron
(3) timber (4) copper
(5) aluminium (6) zinc
(7) rubber (8) chemical fertilizers
(9) wood pulp (10) poly acrylonitrile fibre
(11)polyamide fibre (12) artificial silk